A scientific study at the University of Basrah, conducted by Asst. Prof. Dr. Adnan Badr Ghalib from the College of Education/Al-Qurna, addressed the development of a sustainable biological model using the fungus Aspergillus sp. RFC-1 to remove toxic dyes and industrial pollutants from water. The study utilized bioremediation techniques to provide green, eco-friendly technological solutions.

The research, published in the Journal of Water Process Engineering—a Scopus-indexed, Q1 journal published by Elsevier—involved advanced analyses such as SEM and BET to interpret the chemisorption mechanism. It aims to harness the natural capabilities of microorganisms for water purification and to support circular economy trends.

The findings demonstrated an exceptional adsorption capacity for pollutants, reaching q_{max} = 182.20 \text{ mg/g}, which is among the highest recorded values globally. It also proved the efficiency and stability of the treatment process under industrial conditions, with an enthalpy change of +58.56 \text{ kJ/mol}.